Journal of Exercise & Organ Cross Talk

Abstract To investigate the individual and combined effects of six weeks of aerobic exercise and hydroalcoholic extract of Urtica dioica (nettle) on tumor volume, body weight, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in both serum and tumor tissue in male C57BL/6 mice bearing B16F10 melanoma tumors. Thirty-two male C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks old, 12–14 g) were randomly assigned to four equal groups (n=8): Control, Aerobic Exercise (AE), Nettle Extract (NE), and Combined (AE+NE). Melanoma was induced via surgical implantation of B16F10 tumor fragments. The AE protocol consisted of treadmill running for 6 weeks (5 days/week, progressing from 20 to 30 minutes/session at 6–16 m/min). The NE group received intraperitoneal injections of hydroalcoholic nettle extract (200 mg/kg body weight). The combined group received both interventions. The combined AE+NE group showing a significant reduction in tumor volume compared to the control group (p=0.0186). One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in serum IL-10 across groups (F=9.811, p=0.0001), with significant increases observed in the AE (p=0.0003) and AE+NE (p = 0.0005) groups compared to controls. For tumor IL-10, a significant difference was also found across groups (F=3.047, p= 0.0451), with the combined AE+NE group showing a significant decrease (p =0.0435) compared to the control group. No significant correlation was found between serum and tumor IL-10 levels in any group (p>0.05). The combined intervention significantly suppressed tumor growth compared to controls and was associated with increased serum IL-10 levels but decreased IL-10 levels within the tumor microenvironment, suggesting a complex, compartment-specific immunomodulatory effect.

Abstract Aerobic exercise has been proposed as a non-pharmacological intervention to modulate inflammatory gene expression, yet the molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the effects of a 12-week moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention on the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of overweight individuals. Forty-five overweight adults (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m²) were randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise group (n=30) or a sedentary control group (n=15). The exercise protocol consisted of supervised moderate-intensity aerobic training (60-75% HRmax) for 45-60 minutes, 5 days per week for 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected pre- and post- intervention for gene expression analysis using quantitative real-time PCR and protein quantification via ELISA. Following the 12-week intervention, the exercise group demonstrated significant reductions in TNF-α mRNA expression (−52.3%, p<0.001) and IL-6 expression (−47.8%, p<0.001) compared to baseline. Conversely, IL-10 expression increased significantly (+68.4%, p<0.001). Plasma protein concentrations paralleled these changes, with TNF-α decreasing from 8.6±2.1 to 4.9±1.3 pg/mL (p<0.001), IL-6 from 5.8±1.7 to 3.2±0.9 pg/mL (p<0.001), and IL-10 increasing from 3.1±0.8 to 5.6±1.2 pg/mL (p<0.001). Body mass index decreased significantly in the exercise group (−2.3 kg/m², p<0.001) with concurrent improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂max increased by 18.7%, p<0.001). Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise effectively modulates the inflammatory gene expression profile in overweight individuals by downregulating pro-inflammatory genes (TNF-α and IL-6) and upregulating the anti- inflammatory gene (IL-10). These molecular adaptations may contribute to reduced inflammation and improved metabolic health in this population.

Abstract The present study will investigate the changes and correlation between the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise supplemented with the probiotic Lactobacillus bifidus. 40 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (8 each): healthy control, high-fat diet (HFD), HFD+aerobic exercise (Tr), HFD+probiotic supplementation (Sup), and HFD+Tr+Sup. The rats in the HFD group received a special high-fat diet for 2 months prior to the main protocol. The rats in the exercise groups ran on a rodent treadmill for 6 weeks, 5 days a week. Lactobacillus bifidus supplementation was gavaged at a dose of 1 cc to the rats in the supplementation groups after each exercise session. Finally, the rats were sacrificed, and the IL-10 variable was measured using the Real-Time PCR method. The results of the present study indicated that the high-fat diet increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p<0.05). The HFD and HFD+Sup groups showed a significant decrease in SOD compared to the healthy control group (p<0.05). All treatment groups demonstrated a significant increase in SOD compared to the HFD group (p<0.05). The HFD+Tr and HFD+Tr+Sup groups showed a significant increase in IL-10 compared to the HFD group (p<0.05). However, the correlation between SOD and IL-10 was not confirmed (p>0.05). There was no correlation between the antioxidant enzyme and IL-10. Nevertheless, exercise and Lactobacillus bifidus were able to regulate the lipid profile, SOD, and IL-10 after a high-fat diet.

Abstract Interval training and selenium is an effective way to strengthen the immune system. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of High intensity interval training and Nano selenium supplementation on the expression of IL-10 and IL-12 genes in the testicular tissue of mice under dexamethasone administration. 40 Wistar rats aged 10 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8 (healthy, dexamethasone induced (patient), High intensity interval training + patient, Nano selenium supplement + patient, High intensity interval training + Nano selenium supplement+ patient). the exercise training program consisted of 5-12 repetitions of 1-minute running on the rodent treadmill with an intensity of 24-30 m/min, equivalent to 75-100% of maximal oxygen consumption, with active rest intervals of 75 seconds. These trainings were performed six days a week for four weeks. The prepared selenium nanoparticle solution, 100 mg in 250 nm size, was given to mice by gavage every other day. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine the difference in variables between groups at a significant level (P<0.05). All statistical calculations were done using SPSS version 25 software. The obtained results showed that interval training and Nano selenium supplementation led to a significant decrease in IL-10 (P<0.05). Also, IL-12 gene expression increased significantly along with interval training and Nano selenium supplementation (P<0.05). According to the current research, it seems that High intensity interval training and Nano selenium supplementation lead to improved immune function and possibly the ability to develop antioxidant defenses and reduce cellular oxidative stress.