Journal of Exercise & Organ Cross Talk
Journal of Eexercise & Organ Cross Talk

Simultaneous effect of physical activity and anti-PDL1 injection on tumor weight and life span of mice with breast cancer

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Amir Hossein Ahmadi Hekmatikar 1
Hamiid Agha-Alinejad 1
Aliakbar Yousefi-Ahmadipour 2
Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi 1

1 Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran

2 Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22122/jeoct.2024.485692.1130
Abstract
Cancer is now the leading global cause of death, with breast cancer being particularly deadly for women. This study investigates how physical activity combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody administration affects tumor weight and lifespan in mice with breast cancer. In this study, 30 male and female BALB/c mice, averaging 17.76 grams in weight, were selected and divided into the following groups: PCG (n=6), EIC (n=6), EIE (n=6), EIA (n=6), and EIE+A (n=6). Following an acclimation period on the treadmill, mice underwent two initial 4-week training protocols, followed by a 2-week protocol after cancer induction. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to analyze the research variables. Statistical analysis showed no significant changes in survival time or tumor weight in the PCG, EIC, and EIE groups of breast cancer mice. However, the EIA and EIE+A groups demonstrated significant improvements in both survival and tumor weight reduction (p<0.05). The findings of this study suggest that the combination of physical activity and anti-PDL-1 antibody administration may lead to tumor apoptosis by enhancing positive immunological effects, which could be effective for better cancer management. However, it is recommended that future studies investigate the immunological and physiological effects of the tumor microenvironment with the combination of physical activity and anti-PDL-1 antibody administration.

What is already known on this subject?

Anti-PDL-1 Antibodies in Cancer Treatment: Anti-PDL-1 antibodies are a class of immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the interaction between PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) on tumor cells and PD-1 receptors on T-cells, allowing the immune system to better recognize and attack cancer cells. Studies have shown that anti-PDL-1 therapy can be effective in reducing tumor growth and improving survival rates in various cancers, including breast cancer, particularly in advanced stages.

Physical Activity and Cancer Progression: Regular physical activity has been shown to slow down cancer progression and improve survival rates across multiple types of cancers, including breast cancer. Physical activity may exert its anti-cancer effects through immune system enhancement, improved metabolic function, and reduction of inflammation. In animal models, exercise has been associated with decreased tumor growth, potentially due to increased immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment and other favorable immunological changes. Combined Effects of Physical Activity and Immunotherapy: Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity may enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapies like anti-PDL-1 antibodies. Exercise is thought to stimulate the immune system, increase T-cell activation, and improve circulation, which may help immunotherapeutic agents reach tumors more effectively. Studies in other cancers indicate that a combination of exercise and immunotherapy may yield synergistic effects, leading to reduced tumor size and improved survival outcomes.

 

What this study adds?

Physical activity along with immunotherapy can have a significant effect on tumor changes in mice with breast cancer.

Keywords

Anti-PDL-1 antibody
Exercise oncology
Physical activity

Subjects

Acknowledgements

The support of the Shahid Sattari (NICICO) Collection for this study is gratefully acknowledged.

Funding

None.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval The Ethics Committee in Biomedical Research of Tarbiat Modares University of Tehran (IR.MODARES.AEC.1403.023) approved this study.

Informed consent Not applicable

Author contributions

Conceptualization: H.A.A.N., AAH.; Methodology: A.Y.A., M.M.SH.; Software: H.A.A.N., AAH.; Validation: A.Y.A., M.M.SH., Formal analysis; A.Y.A., M.M.SH; Investigation: H.A.A.N., AAH.; Resources: A.Y.A., M.M.SH.; Data curation: H.A.A.N., AAH.; Writing - original draft: H.A.A.N., AAH.; Writing – review & editing: H.A.A.N., AAH.; Visualization: A.Y.A., M.M.SH.; Supervision: AAH. Project administration: AAH.; Funding acquisition: AAH.

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Journal of Exercise & Organ Cross Talk
Volume 4, Issue 2
Spring 2024
Pages 126-132

  • Receive Date 27 March 2024
  • Revise Date 21 June 2024
  • Accept Date 21 June 2024

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