High-intensity interval training modulates thrombotic susceptibility in metabolic syndrome: Attenuation of plasma PAI-1 and fibrinogen via ameliorated metabolic dysfunction
Volume 5, Issue 1, Winter 2025, Pages 19-25
https://doi.org/10.22122/jeoct.2025.528002.1158
Niyousha Ghazbani, Arezoo Razmdideh, Amin Alimohammadi, Danial Bagherzadeh, Ehsan Rezaee Moeini, Mohammad Reza Mozaffari, Mohammad Sadra Roshani Koosha
Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MetS) elevates thrombotic risk through dysregulated coagulation factors, including plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibrinogen, driven by visceral adiposity and metabolic dysfunction. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves cardiometabolic health, but its effects on hemostatic markers in MetS remain underexplored. Twenty-four men with MetS (ATP-III criteria; age 44.4 ± 5.4 years, BMI 31.7 ± 2.3 kg·m⁻²) were randomized to HIIT (n=12) or control (n=12). HIIT comprised 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks (4 × 4-min intervals at 90% HRmax, interspersed with 3-min active recovery at 70% HRmax). Fasting plasma PAI-1, fibrinogen, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body composition, and lipid profiles were assessed pre/post-intervention. HIIT significantly reduced PAI-1 (−30.7%, p<0.001) and fibrinogen (−21.8%, p<0.001) versus controls. Concurrent improvements occurred in HOMA-IR (−20.6%, p<0.001), body fat (−3.8%, p<0.05), systolic/diastolic BP (−7.5%/−5.2%, p<0.05), LDL-c (−5.6%), triglycerides (−9.4%), and HDL-c (+3.0%; all p<0.05). Control group exhibited no significant changes. HIIT attenuates prothrombotic risk in MetS, evidenced by reductions in PAI-1 and fibrinogen. These hemostatic improvements are mechanistically linked to ameliorated metabolic dysfunction, highlighting HIIT’s role in modulating adipose tissue–vascular cross talk.