Journal of Exercise & Organ Cross Talk

Abstract In Diabetes (Di) exercise training especially high-intensity interval training (HIIT) reduce blood lipids and improve anti-inflammatory status. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of high-intensity interval training on ASC inflammasome, lipid profile, and their correlation in diabetic rat models. Twenty rats were divided into four groups, including a control group, HIIT, Di, and Di+HIIT (n=5 in each group). Diabetes was induced using a combination of a high-fat diet (HFD) and STZ. Wistar rats in the exercise groups were subjected to high-intensity interval training for eight weeks. After sample collection, liver tissue was removed and weighed. Serum levels of lipid profile were measured by special kit. Protein expression of the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC) in liver tissue was determined by Western blot. The results of the present study showed that diabetes induction significantly increased LDL, cholesterol, triglyceride and ASC levels and decreased HDL levels (p<0.05), whereas HIIT exercise training with diabetes somewhat adjusted the lipid profile and decreased the ASC inflammasome levels (p<0.05). In the correlation analysis, only the correlation between ASC and triglycerides was confirmed in the Di+HIIT group (p=0.043, r=0.997). Diabetes induction adversely affects lipid profiles and increases ASC inflammasome levels. However, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) appears to mitigate these effects by improving the lipid profile and reducing ASC levels. Notably, a significant positive correlation between ASC and triglycerides was observed in the diabetic rats undergoing HIIT, suggesting a link between inflammation and lipid metabolism.

Abstract The covid-19 disease has spread all over the world since 2019 and many people have been affected by this disease. One of the main characteristics of this disease was lung tissue damage, which subsequently affected the immune system as well. In other words, since there are no registered drugs or vaccines against COVID-19, the immune system is the best defense because it supports the body's natural ability to defend against pathogens and resist infections. As long as the immune system is working normally, infections like COVID-19 cannot cause serious damage to the body. The three types of immunity are: innate immunity (fast response), adaptive immunity (slow response), and passive immunity. Strengthening the immune system can guarantee a better fight against pathogens. Exercising can help strengthen the immune system. In other words, exercise is one of the non-pharmacological factors for controlling diseases related to the immune system. Recently, it has been identified that exercise training with muscle contraction, the secretion of myokines in an endocrine form can affect all body tissues. One of the target tissues of myokines is the immune system. Therefore, this study deals with the strengthening role of the immune system due to exercise and muscle contraction in the conditions of the Covid-19 epidemic.

Abstract Intense exercise training is associated with Lung inflammation. Fasl protein on the cell surface is responsible for the initiation of the inflammatory response that finally leads to cell death at the site of inflammation, and can be interpreted as Fasl induced apoptosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of increasing and intense interval exercise training on Fasl levels of mature rat lungs. 30 rats within three weeks of birth with mean weight 68±9 g were randomly divided into three basic, control, and exercise groups. Increasing interval training for 6 sessions per week, each session 30 minutes at a speed of 15 to 70 meters per min was employed and Fasl levels were measured using the kitby Elisa method. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and LSD test was done at p≤0.05 significant level. The results showed that Fasl protein levels in the interval training group compared to baseline group increased by 23.75 % and was significant (p≤0/05). However, although the amount of this protein in the interval training group compared to the control group was high, this value was not significant. In addition, Fasl protein levels in the control group compared to the baseline group increased by13.58 % and was significant (p≤0.05). The findings indicated that intense and prolonged exercise training causes damage of the respiratory tract, and in turn, leads to the increased levels of Fasl.

Abstract The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of six weeks of intermittent exercise and curcumin consumption on plasma Apo A and Apo B concentrations in male Wistar rats. 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (5 rats in each group): control, diabetic, healthy intermittent exercise, intermittent exercise diabetes, curcumin diabetes and curcumin exercise diabetes. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin poison (50 mg/kg). Intermittent training consisted of 5-12 bouts of intense work (75 to 100% of maximum speed) of 60 seconds with active rest intervals of 75 seconds, six days a week for six weeks. Curcumin was fed to animals by gavage at a dose of 50 mg per kilogram of body weight. The results demonstrated that diabetes induction significantly decreased plasma Apo A concentration (p≤0.01) and increased plasma Apo B concentration (p≤0.01). Intermittent training caused a significant increase in Apo A and a significant decrease in Apo B plasma in diabetic rats. Also, it was found that six weeks of curcumin consumption significantly increased the concentration of Apo A in plasma and decreased the concentration of Apo B and the ratio of Apo B to Apo A (p≤0.01). At end, the results of the present study showed that intermittent exercise, curcumin and the combination of two interventions improve the disorders caused by diabetes in apolipoproteins.

Abstract The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of six weeks of intermittent exercise and curcumin consumption on the lipid profile of diabetic male rats. In an experimental trial, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (5 rats in each group): control, diabetic, healthy intermittent exercise, intermittent exercise +diabetes, curcumin +diabetes and curcumin+ exercise +diabetes. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin poison (50 mg/kg). Intermittent training consisted of 5-12 bouts of intense work (75 to 100% of maximum speed) of 60 seconds with active rest intervals of 75 seconds, six days a week for six weeks. Curcumin was fed to animals by gavage at a dose of 50 mg per kilogram of body weight. After six weeks, unconscious animals and blood samples were collected from their hearts. The data were analyzed using ANOVA statistical test and Bonferroni post hoc test. Induction of diabetes caused an increase in cholesterol, TG and LDL levels (P=0.01). Intermittent training and curcumin, each alone, caused them to decrease (P=0.01). In addition, diabetes decreased HDL while intermittent exercise increased it, but curcumin supplementation did not have a significant effect. The effect of combining interval training with curcumin supplement was significant only for TG and did not have a significant effect on other data. Exercise training and curcumin can have an anti-inflammatory effect with reducing lipid profile and increasing HDL in diabetic animal.